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Prevalentendoscopicspinesurgerieshaveshownlimitationsespeciallyinspinalstenosis(AhninNeurosurgery75(2):–,).Biportalendoscopicsurgeryisintroducedtomanagecentralandforaminalstenosiswithitswiderangeofaccessangleandclearview.

Theauthorsprovideanintroductionofthistechniquefollowedbyadescriptionofthesurgicalanatomywithdiscussiononitsindicationsandadvantages.Inparticular,trickstoavoid







































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